Слово — мысль — дело
Опыт исследования исторической семантики понятия «дело»
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13173/WS.67.2.259Schlagworte:
Russian literature, delo, word/thought, German philosophy, concept, personal life, play of languageAbstract
Word — thought — “delo”: A study of the historical semantics of the notion “delo”
The article discusses an episode in the history of the concept of delo ‘matter, affair, work, case, deed’, relating it to the social changes in Russia at the turn of the 19th century. At that time the concept of delo started to drift apart from that of ‘rank’, as human beings began to be conceived separately from the kind of activity that had been specific to their place in society. These processes motivated the individual to set out on a search for his or her delo. This search has its internal logic, whose integral part was making sense of the very concept of delo. This necessitated the development of a new language that arose out of a collision between the word’s different contexts of use, as the previously established meanings were turned inside out and new patterns emerged. Behind his wordplay hid the question of the moral validity of the subject, one that the Russian literary tradition related to the ability to correlate word/thought with action (the criticism of “beautiful souls”). The history of this concept also discloses the quest for a new kind of unity, for a new synthesis of thought, word and delo in the making of history (Russian history, in the first place), as well as an awareness that a radical change was called for in civil service, personal life, and ultimately in society at large.
Literaturhinweise
Belinskij, Vissarion G. 1956. Polnoe sobranie sočinenij: V 13 tomax. T. 11 (Pisʹma 1829–1840; red. Belʹčikov, Nikolaj F.) Moskva.
Čaadaev, Petr Ja. 1991. Polnoe sobranie sočinenij i izbrannye pisʹma. (Red. Kamenskij, Zaxar A.) Moskva.
Degtev, Sergej V. & Makeeva, Irina I. 2000. Koncept slovo v istorii russkogo jazyka. In Arutjunova, Nina A. (ed.), Jazyk o jazyke, 156–171. Moskva.
Dobroljubov, Nikolaj A. 1963. Kogda že pridet nastojaščij denʹ?. In Tot že, Sobranie sočinenij v devjati tomax (red. Bursov, Boris I.), t. 6, 96–141. Moskva.
Gercen, Aleksandr I. 1954. Sobranie sočinenij v tridcati tomax. T. 3 (Diletantizm v nauke, pisʹma ob izučenii prirody, 1842–1846; red. Volgin, Vjačeslav P.). Moskva.
Gercen, Aleksandr I. 1968. Sobranie sočinenij v tridcati tomax. T. 20, kn. 2 (Proizvedenija 1867—1869 godov, dnevnikovye zapisi; red. Volgin, Vjačeslav P.). Moskva.
Ginzburg, Lidija Ja. 1958. Vjazemskij. In Vjazemskij, Petr A., Stixotvorenija (red. Ginzburg, Lidija Ja.), 5–49. Leningrad.
Ginzburg, Lidija Ja. 1977. O psixologičeskoj proze. Leningrad
Lifšic, Mixail A. 1988. Pamjati Gercena. In Tot že, Sobranie sočinenij v trex tomax, t. 3, 59−106. Moskva.
Maslov, Boris P. 2009. Ot dolgov xristianina k graždanskomu dolgu (Očerk istorii konceptualʹnoj metafory). In Živov, Viktor M. (ed.), Očerki istorii semantiki russkogo jazyka rannego Novogo vremeni, 201–270. Moskva.
Mixajlovskij, Nikolaj K. 1995. Literaturnaja kritika i vospominanija. Moskva.
Ogarev, Nikolaj P. 1956. Izbrannye socialʹno-političeskie i filosofskie proizvedenija v dvux tomax. (Red. Černjak, Jakov Z.) T. 2. Moskva.
Pisarev, Dmitrij I. 1968. Izbrannye proizvedenija. (Red. Sorokin, Jurij S.) Leningrad.
Prokopovič, Feofan. 1961. Slovo v denʹ svjatogo blagovernogo knjazja Aleksandra Nevskogo. In Tot že, Sočinenija (red. Eremin, Igorʹ P.), 94−103. Moskva.
Semenko, Irina M. (ed.). 1960. Poėty-dekabristy. 3rd edn. Leningrad.
Sergievskij, Ivan V. 1932. Gete v russkoj kritike. In Literaturnoe nasledstvo, kn. 4–6, 723–758. Moskva.
Skovoroda, Grigorij S. 1973. Tolkovanie iz Plutarxa o tišine serdca. In Tot že, Sobranie sočinenij v dvux tomax (red. Ivanʹo, Ivan V. & Kašuba, Marija V.), t. 2, 366–373. Moskva.
Stankevič, Nikolaj V. 1857. Nikolaj Vladimirovič Stankevič. Perepiska ego i biografija, napisannaja P. V. Annenkovym. Č. 2. Moskva.
Turgenev, Ivan S. 1982. Polnoe sobranie sočinenij i pisem v 30 tomax. T. 1 (Pisʹma, 1831–1849; red. Alekseev, Mixail P.). Moskva.
Tvorogov, Oleg V. (ed.). 1997. Žitie Feodosija Pečerskogo. In Lixačev, Dmitrij S. (ed.), Biblioteka literatury Drevnej Rusi, t. 1, 352−433. Sankt-Peterburg.
Vjazemskij, Petr A. 1879. Polnoe sobranie sočinenij knjazja P. A. Vjazemskogo. T. 1–12. T. 2 (Literaturnye kritičeskie i biografičeskie očerki, 1827 g. – 1851 g.; red. Saitov, Vladimir I.). Sankt-Peterburg.
Žirmunskij, Viktor M. 1982. Gete v russkoj literature. Izd. 2-e. Leningrad.
Veröffentlicht
Zitationsvorschlag
